Authors

Thibault Six

Benjamin Jonard

Promoters

Pierre-Yves Schobbens

Moussa Amrani

Introduction

1. Methodology
2. Classification
3. Tools presentation
4. Future research areas
5. Conclusion

Methodology

Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

1. Research question
2. Inclusion & Exclusion criteria
3. Keywords
4. Query search engines
5. Snowballing
6. Relevance & Classification

Research question

• "How to implement the management of several programming languages in a programming learning game?"
• "What techniques are used for the graphical representation of the different programming paradigms?"
• "How to interface between the interpreter of the different source programming languages and the graphical execution environment?"
• "What are the visual and animated representations of programming paradigms in the literature over time?"

Inclusion & Exclusion criteria

• ✅ Does the article propose a system of static or animated graphic representation of a program execution?
• ✅ Does the article propose a graphical representation system linked to one or more programming paradigms?
• ✅ Does the article provide a visual programming environment?
• ✅ Does the article offer an educational game for learning programming?
• ❌ Article containing only an abstract.
• ❌ Article written in a language other than English.
• ❌ Article discussing the effectiveness of using graphical representation in learning programming.

Keywords

First Set of Keywords

Keywords

Second Set of Keywords

Query search engines

Relevance & classification

Custom bibliography management tool

Classification

Programming paradigms

• Imperative
• λFunctional
• Logical
• Object oriented
• Concurrent

Classification

Programs Representation Systems

• Static visualization
• Dynamic visualization
• Visual programming
• Serious games

Static visualization

_{Visual Support for Learning Monads}

Dynamic visualization

_{JAVASCRIPT LIBRARY FOR DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE MICRO-LEVEL ANIMATIONS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING ALGORITHMS ON ONE-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS}

Visual Programming

_{A Programming Environment for Visual Block-Based Domain-Specific Languages}

Serious Games

_Algobot

Classification

Audience

• Pupils
• Students
• Programmers

Static Visualization

Static Visualization

_{(1983) INCENSE: a system for displaying data structures}

Static Visualization

_{(1987) THE TRANSPARENT PROLOG MACHINE (TPM): AN EXECUTION MODEL AND GRAPHICAL DEBUGGER FOR LOGIC PROGRAMMING*}

Static Visualization

_{(1996) Scene: Using Scenario Diagrams and Active Text for Illustrating Object-Oriented Programs}

Static Visualization

_{(1999) The Design of a Completely Visual Object-Oriented Programming Language}

Dynamic Visualization

Dynamic Visualization

_{(1971) The Logo programming language}

Dynamic Visualization

_{(2003) PlanAni: Program animation based on the roles of variables}

Dynamic Visualization

_{(2003) Execution visualization and debugging in three-dimensional visual programming}

Dynamic Visualization

_{(2005) Visual editing of animated algorithms: the Leonardo Web builder}

Dynamic Visualization

_{(2015) BRIDGES: A System to Enable Creation of Engaging Data Structures Assignments with Real-World Data and Visualizations}

Visual Programming

Visual Programming

_{(1985) Show and Tell: A visual language for keyboardless programming}

Visual Programming

_{(1993) VisaVis: a higher-order functional visual programming language}

Visual Programming

_{(1996) The SFC editor: a graphical tool for algorithm development}

Visual Programming

_{(1996) LogoBlocks: A graphical programming language for interacting with the world}

Visual Programming

_{(2006) The scratch programming language and environment}

Visual Programming

_{(2009) Raptor: A visual programming environment for teaching object-oriented programming}

Visual Programming

_{(2017) TRIK studio: Technical introduction}

Future research areas

Programming Paradigms

• Some are under-represented
• Room for new representation systems
• Lack of multi-language and multi-paradigm tools
• No visual tools for testing

Future research areas

Program Representation Systems

• Screen size is limited
• Visual languages extension
• Still some performance concerns
• 3D representations
• Serious games
• Virtual Reality

Limitations

Research Methodology

• Define better keywords
• Use logical operators in queries

Tools Assessment

• Define stricter classification criteria
• Highlight key features

Conclusion

Aknowlegements